Health Care Communication Methods Essay Example for Free

Health Care Communication Methods Essay Customer Service also known as communication, now days almost always involves several people, especially when it involves an elderly loved one. Having an elderly family member is a very sensitive topic believe it or not and although very common is still something that most still do not know how to deal with and do not quite understand. It is hard to have to face that fact that your Grandparents, parents, aunts, uncles, and sometimes siblings are faced with life threatening illnesses such as Alzheimer’s and Dementia and have forgotten who you are along with a host of other things. As an administrator of a Nursing Home you could be faced with many different situations and because patients in a nursing home are sometimes unable to understand or communicate on their own, it is important to have ways to get in contact with several different family members in the event of an emergency. Family members of these elderly patients still have lives of their own and may live in different states or countries even and then in the worst case, you have some patients in Nursing Homes who do not have family members at all. Most of the time there will be a social worker who is responsible for the wellbeing of these patients in this type of situation. There is an enormous misunderstanding of the role of communication services in healthcare. Nursing home administrators act as the patients liaison between staff and doctors, in the event that a Nursing Home receives notification that the organization is being purchased by a national group, and because of new policies to be implemented, many of the patients will be displaced, it is important to know the way to communicate with each individuals family members. Residents have rights and these rights being violated can cause serious issues with the law. Below is a short list of patients’ rights when concerning unfair transfer or discharge. Protection against Unfair Transfer or Discharge: You cant be sent to another nursing home, or made to leave the nursing home, unless any of the  following are true: It is necessary for the welfare, health, or safety of you or others. Your health has declined to the point that the nursing home cant meet your care needs. Your health has improved to the point that nursing home care is no longer necessary. The nursing home hasnt been paid for services you received. The nursing home closes In this scenario it is important that you inform the residents that they are being displaced and that they need to approve the release of their medical information. The best way to do this, since it is concerning medical records, would be privately. HIPAA protects the privacy of individually identifiable health information and if violated you could face jail time and hefty fines so you should use the best communication method that fits the scenario. The best method of communication I thought would be best for this scenario was traditional and electronic communication because they both have some convenience to the residents. The right amount of information and the right information is needed to explain to family members and patients what is happening to this facility. Finding the right laws and rights is what needs to happen to make sure the company is not in violation of that patient. Finding the best way to communicate with each patient and their family is most important when it com es to getting the message across professionally without seeming to disregard their personal concerns. There are advantages and disadvantages of using social media, traditional, and electronic communication .Traditional, the oldest of the three some of the many advantages that tradition communication has is that you are person with the person you are communicating with, which is better because you are getting an immediate reply to whatever it is that you are trying to get. There’s a feeling of community because you’re better able to socialize and interact with one another. We quickly build a bond that sets the foundation for trust and ultimately, lasting business relationships. There are so many different issues that have to be considered when communicating with patients and their family members, in this scenario most likely there will need to be some convincing that this is best for the patient/ their loved ones. Displacing them does not have to be a â€Å"bad thing† it all depends on how it is presented to them and their reaction to the initial breaking of the news. It is important that the administrator has found a new facility that offers everything that the patients(s) will need to accommodate them completely. Communication is a part of the process to better the patient’s life and once the patient and/or their family is on board then you pretty much have â€Å"tackled the mountain†. â€Å"Forcing information on people when they are too distraught to understand it or accept it (over informing) may only heighten their stress. Philip Muskin(1998) calls this â€Å"truth dumping† and warns people against it. Health-related Information can be confusing and frightening.† It is best to not provide unnecessary information to the patients and family members, just enough for them to understand completely. (Communication About Health Pg. 196) Being and Administrator means being able to communicate effectively with your patients no matter their mental and health condition and being able to communicate with their family members too. It is important to not â€Å"over-do† anything when communicating because it could cause a reaction you don’t want to deal with. There are different ways of communicating messages and different tones and as an Administrator in this particular scenario it is important to know what tone of communication to use when letting the patients and their family members know what is going on. It is a good idea to know where the patient will be transferred to and to have a brochure and good information on where the patient is going so that maybe the family member and the patients will be comfortable about the big news. References: 1. Journal Article . (2014, Fall). People living with dementia: components of communication, (Pg.1). 2. . (2005). Communicating About Health Current Issues And Perspectives. Retrieved from, HCS/320 Health Care Communication Strategies website.

Tough Love Essay Example for Free

Tough Love Essay â€Å"If you have to make a choice, to be feared is much safer than to be loved† (46). Niccolà ² Machiavelli declared this in The Prince while explaining how to be an extraordinary leader. If leaders are feared they will be respected by their people and other countries, thus keeping justice and maintaining control. If a leader is feared, they will receive respect from their people and other countries. People will not turn against the leader, but if the people love him they would willingly take advantage of him. Likewise, if a country is in fear of a certain leader or country they would never think of turning against or taking advantage of them. As Niccolà ² Machiavelli stated in The Prince, â€Å"People are less concerned with offending a man who makes himself loved than one who makes himself feared; the reason Is that love is a link of obligation which men, because they are rotten, will break any time they think doing so serves their advantage; but fear involves dread of punishment, form which they can never escape† (46). Feared leaders can preserve justice in their country. Machiavelli declared, â€Å"†¦Hannibal†¦ having an immense army, which included men of many different races and nations, and which he led to battle in distant countries, he never allowed them to fight among themselves or to rise against him, whether his fortune was good or bad. The reason for this could only be his inhuman cruelty, which, along with his countless other talents†¦ without the cruelty, his other qualities would never have sufficed† (46-47). This leader used forms of cruelty to instill a feeling of fear in his people. His people lived in apprehension of all injustice to avoid penalty many times defined as death. People will be less likely to act out against or try to over throw their leader if they are afraid of him. Above all, one will be able to effectively maintain control over his people and various other countries. The people will follow their leader in whatever situation takes place. However, if the people loved their leader, they would not feel guilt or remorse in disobeying their leader; therefore  he does not have a complete control over his people. This could result in chaos. Armies who fear their leader will do what the leader feels is necessary or called for, in order to avoid crossing him. Similarly to what is said of his people, other countries would not attack or try to overthrow the leader. Countries would rather ally with a feared country or leader, because of this weaker countries that ally with the leader could than fall under control of the leader. Once a country, its people, and other countries fear a leader, he will have complete power over them and they would give themselves to him to avoid punishment. When the leader has control he will easily be able to uphold righteousness and justice. When one fears an authority figure it is because they know that if they happen to do wrong that authority figure will not think twice before putting us in our place or chastising us. Works Cited Machiavelli, Niccolà ². The Prince. Trans. Robert M. Adams. New York: Norton, 1992.

Screening of Non Target Compounds in Wastewater Samples

Screening of Non Target Compounds in Wastewater Samples Report Since October 2012, I have worked in a special project about Elimination of pharmaceuticals and organic compounds: Development of concepts and novel, cheap cleaning procedures – Formation of metabolites by ozonoation. It was a kind of training for me and a special key for my PhD work. We are interested in screening of non target compounds in wastewater samples. Wastewater samples are collected from different wastewater treatment plants at different treatment points. For example: before ozonation, after ozonation and after biological treatment steps. These compounds are extracted by solid phase extraction (SPE) method using certain solid material (OASIS HLB). This kind of SPE is suitable to extract hydrophilic and lipophilic analytes. We did several steps to extract those compounds using different procedures and different analyzing tools. We used HPLC-UV, LC-MS and GC-MS to analyze the extracted compounds. The toxicological tests are achieved for each sample in order to discove r the efficiency of wastewater treatment and the effect of treatment to obtain new unknown transformation products. In this project, I learned so many things like: How to validate and develop a method to extract polar and non polar compounds from wastewater matrixes using certain SPE steps. How to choose the best solid phase materials to extract a wide range polarity of chemical compounds in wastewater matrixes. Getting the principles for handling of different analytical instruments to validate specific methods and to analyze the extracted compounds. Taking enough time to review the statistical principles which are necessary to find the optimum ways for treatment. Achieving the possibilities to analyze the output data and comparing different procedures to find out the best one for analysis. Combining chemistry with biology in order to evaluate the toxicological estimates and to know the best wastewater treatment step. Now, I am working on developing a method to extract the following six compounds from water matrix: Catechol, trans,trans-Muconic acid, p-Benzoquinone, 1H-Benzotriazole, p-Nitrophenol and 2,6-Dichloraniline. Catechol, trans,trans-Muconic acid and p-Benzoquinone are transformation products generated after treatment of the parent compound (Bisphenol A) with ozone in aqueous solution (water). Bisphenol A (BPA) belongs to the numerous anthropogenic compounds considered as endocrine disruptors. Although less estrogenic toward aquatic organisms than natural hormones, BPA has been reported to be able to induce feminization phenomena in various species of animals. BPA is commonly used for the production of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins. It is also used as stabilizer or antioxidant for many types of plastics such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC). BPA is detected with a high frequency in surface waters. 1H-Benzotriazole has been found in wastewater and the subsequently impacted surface water. This compound is employed to prevent metal corrosion and as UV-inhibitors, and found to use in applications such as airplane deicing fluids, dishwashing detergents, and plastic formulations. p-Nitrophenol is degradation product generated throughout the ozonation process of the antibiotic sulfamethoxazole. Sulfamethoxazole in combination with trimethoprim is used to treat a wide range of human diseases, such as urinary and respiratory tract infections. There are many publications that have reported about the presence of this antibiotic drug in sewage treatment plants, hospital effluents and rivers. Besides, this compound might be expected to be present in groundwater, because the antibiotic sulfamethoxazole is also applied to animals as growth promoter. 2,6-Dichloraniline is a metabolite produced after ozonational step of the drug diclofenac in aqueous solution. Diclofenac is one of the most commonly used pain killers. It is used to treat painful conditions such as arthritis, sprains and strains, gout, migraine, dental pain, and pain after surgical operations. There are many articles that have reported about the presence of this drug in sewage treatment plants. First step, I prepared different standard solutions for each compound, then validated and developed a method to analyze these compounds by using HPLC-UV instrument. A mixture of methanol and water (pH=2) are used at certain progress time and different ratios to obtain the best LC chromatogram with good separation and resolution for each compound in the mixture. The maximum wavelength (ÃŽ ») for each compound is known by using UV-spectrophotometer. Table (1) summarizes the information obtained after analyzing my target compounds by HPLC-UV. Table 1 Substance Retention time tR (min) ÃŽ » (nm) Catechol (1) 26.35 278 t,t-Muconic acid (2) 28.43 278 p-Benzoquinone (3) 30.46 278 1H-Benzotriazole (4) 34.42 278 p-Nitrophenol (5) 39.89 228 2,6-Dichloraniline (6) 48.04 228 Figure (1) shows the HPLC-UV chromatogram (relative response in mV vs. tR) for a mixture of six compounds in one prepared stock solution. 5 6 Figure 1 2 4 1 3 In order to develop a method to analyze the target compounds; the limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) should be calculated in order to know the sensitivity of HPLC-UV instrument towards each compound. The LOD value for each compound was calculated from a chromatogram on the basis of signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio of 3. The LOQ value for each compound was calculated from a chromatogram on the basis of signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio of 10. Table (2) shows the values of LOD and LOQ for each compound. Table 2 Substance LOD (ng/L) LOQ (ng/L) Catechol (1) 8.8 29.3 t,t-Muconic acid (2) 1.2 4.0 p-Benzoquinone (3) 6.3 21.0 1H-Benzotriazole (4) 8.5 28.3 p-Nitrophenol (5) 27.4 91.3 2,6-Dichloraniline (6) 18.0 60.0 For linearity and statistical evaluation, I prepared mixture solutions of six compounds at concentrations of 0.1, 0.25, 0.4, 0.55, 0.7, 0.85 and 1.0 mg/L. Table (3) shows the statistical data for the prepared stock solution of 0.7 mg/L. Table 3 Substance % Relative response Correlation coefficient (r) Catechol (1) 100 0.999 t,t-Muconic acid (2) 101 0.999 p-Benzoquinone (3) 106 0.999 1H-Benzotriazole (4) 100 0.999 p-Nitrophenol (5) 100 0.999 2,6-Dichloraniline (6) 104 0.999 The linearity at my working range is shown as follows: Now I am working in developing a preparation method to extract these compounds from water matrix by using different solid phase materials. Up to now, I tried two types of solid phase cartridges: OASIS HLB and SPEED DISK cartridges. It’s noticed that OASIS HLB gave higher recovery than SPEED DISK. In order to find out the best solid phase material, I will try many types of SPE. After finishing this step, I will develop a method to extract and analyze about 30 chosen chemical compounds which are produced after the ozonation process of pharmaceutical and parent compounds in water matrix. These compounds will be: Diclofenac, 2,6-Dichloroaniline, Metoprolol, Sulfamethoxazole, 4-nitrophenol, Bisphenol A, Catechol, trans,trans-Muconic acid, cis,cis-Muconic acid, p-Benzoquinone, Ciprofloxacin, Paracetamol, 1,2,4-Benzenetriol, Oxalic acid, Succinic acid, Malic acid, Malonic acid, Oxaloacetic acid, Hydroquinone, Maleic acid, EDTA, Glyoxylic acid, Formaldehyde, Carbamazepine, Glyoxylic acid, Oxamic acid and 1H-Benzotriazole.

Free Nature vs. Nurture Essay :: essays research papers

What is inborn and what is learned? The discussion as to whether nature or nurture were the driving force shaping our cognitive abilities, was for a long time considered interminable. In the 18th century, Locke and the English empiricists claimed that individuals were born with a tabula rasa and only experience could establish mind, consciousness and the self. On the continent, Leibniz envisaged the self as a monad carrying with it some knowledge of a basic understanding of the world. Until the 1960s, this dispute was still very vivid in the behavioral sciences: B. F. Skinner's school of behaviorism in the USA postulated (as reflexology did earlier) general rules for all types of learning, neglecting innate differences or predispositions. K. Lorenz was one of the protagonists of ethology in Europe, focusing on the inherited aspects of behavior. It was Lorenz who ended the antagonistic view of behavior in showing that there indeed are innate differences and predispositions in behavior where only little learning occurs. Today, it is largely agreed upon that nature and nurture are intimately cooperating to bring about adaptive behaviors. Probably only in very few cases ontogenetic programs are not subjected to behavioral plasticity at all. Conversely, the possibility to acquire behavioral traits has to be genetically coded for. Today, realising that genes and environment cooperate and interact synergistically, traditional dichotomy of nature vs. nurture is commonly seen as a false dichotomy. Especially operant conditioning, i.e. the learning of the consequences of one's own behavior can lead to positive feedback loops between genetic predispositions and behavioral consequences that render the question as to cause and effect nonsensical. Positive feedback has the inherent tendency to exponentially amplify any initial small differences. For example, an at birth negligible difference between two brothers in a gene affecting IQ to a small percentage, may lead to one discovering a book the will spark his interest in reading, while the other never gets to see that book. One becomes an avid reader who loves intellectual challenges while the other never finds a real interest in books, but hangs out with his friends more often. Eventually, the reading brother may end up with highly different IQ scores in standardize d tests, simply because the book loving brother has had more opportunities to train his brain. Had both brother received identical environmental input, their IQ scores would hardly differ.

illegal :: essays research papers

Insider Trading "Insider trading" is a term that most investors have heard and usually associate with illegal conduct. But the term actually includes both legal and illegal conduct. The legal version is when corporate insiders—officers, directors, and employees—buy and sell stock in their own companies. When corporate insiders trade in their own securities, they must report their trades to the SEC. For more information about this type of insider trading and the reports insiders must file, please read "Forms 3, 4, 5" in our Fast Answers databank. Illegal insider trading refers generally to buying or selling a security, in breach of a fiduciary duty or other relationship of trust and confidence, while in possession of material, nonpublic information about the security. Insider trading violations may also include "tipping" such information, securities trading by the person "tipped," and securities trading by those who misappropriate such information. Examples of insider trading cases that have been brought by the SEC are cases against: Corporate officers, directors, and employees who traded the corporation's securities after learning of significant, confidential corporate developments; Friends, business associates, family members, and other "tippees" of such officers, directors, and employees, who traded the securities after receiving such information; Employees of law, banking, brokerage and printing firms who were given such information to provide services to the corporation whose securities they traded; Government employees who learned of such information because of their employment by the government; and Other persons who misappropriated, and took advantage of, confidential information from their employers. Because insider trading undermines investor confidence in the fairness and integrity of the securities markets, the SEC has treated the detection and prosecution of insider trading violations as one of its enforcement priorities. The SEC adopted new Rules 10b5-1 and 10b5-2 to resolve two insider trading issues where the courts have disagreed. Rule 10b5-1 provides that a person trades on the basis of material nonpublic information if a trader is "aware" of the material nonpublic information when making the purchase or sale. The rule also sets forth several affirmative defenses or exceptions to liability. The rule

Knowledge and Attitudes of A Healthy Lifestyle :: components of a healthy lifestyle

The components of a healthy lifestyle include many things. A few examples of these components are eating right, exercising regularly, and keeping your mind calm and content. Eating right means staying on a healthy diet. This does not mean that you cannot eat sweets or fatty foods, it just means that you should constantly keep in mind how a certain food will affect your body. One wants to always remain in control, do not gorge yourself and then skip a few meals to make up for it. Always keep things in proportion, such as maybe eating a light healthy breakfast and lunch and then allowing yourself a slightly heavier food for dinner or for snack. Remember, this does not mean that you must become a health-food nut it is simply a reminder that you should exercise some control over your food intake. Exercising regularly is another very important component to a healthy lifestyle. You should exercise a minimum of 3 days a week for a minimum of about 20 min. This does not mean that you have to impose a strict regiment of exercise into your daily schedule. An easy way to attain a nice amount of physical activity would be to begin going for power-walks or jogs with your pet or your neighborhood friends. It is also very good to stretch before you begin any kind of strenuous physical activity. Not only does it result in you being able to do more than you would without the stretching, it also enables you to gain more out of your workouts. One could also take up a sport such as tennis, soccer, volleyball, basketball, swim, or track. All of these and a multitude of others would greatly help you along on your path to a healthy lifestyle. If you are unsure of how to initiate yourself into one of these sports you could join a team at your local community center or simply organize a group of friends and play at your neighborhood park. Remember: Just because it is a sport does not mean that you have to be on an official team to be allowed to play it. These sports help you maintain a healthy lifestyle because when many people are playing them they are having fun, and thus do not think of it as actually â€Å"working out†. Sports also increases the amusement of exercising because you usually do them with a group of friends, which makes you not concentrate entirely on the exertion your body is going through.

Why People Should Ride a Bicycle

Why People Should Ride a Bicycle for Short Distance Trips A bicycle is a mechanism that has transported man for many decades. Nowadays, bicycling is a great way to move from one place to another in short distances. In my opinion, everyone should use a bicycle for short distant trips, rather than the convenience of a car. The use of a bicycle has many great advantages over a car. If you choose to ride your bicycle to drive a short distant trip, you will can decrease gasoline consumption, improve the quality of your life, and protect our environment. The first reason to use a bicycle for short distances is that gasoline consumption is a major effect on oil and gas prices. If more people would take advantage of riding their bicycles, rather than driving their car, then gas and oil prices would lower. Our economy is at risk of losing the value of a dollar because the increase of oil and gas. If more people would ride their bicycles, then it would save money and gas consumption would save as well. Another good reason to riding your bicycle is that it can improve the quality of your life. By riding your bicycle it gives you the opportunity to breathe in fresh air. You can clear your lungs, get plenty of exercise, and stay in shape. Riding a bicycle gives you the freedom that you wouldn’t get by driving your car. Improving the quality of your life can be as simple as taking a short trip on your bike. Finally, we can help protect our environment by giving up the convenience of driving our car which causes gas fumes and chemicals in there air. If more people would realize that gas fumes are bad for our environment, and harmful to the birds and creatures that live here with us, they would surely take the opportunity to ride their bike. These are some excellent reasons why riding our bicycle is more to our advantage than the convenience of driving our car. If we will take the opportunity of riding our bike for short trips, we can definitely help on gas consumption, improving the quality of our lives, and be a help to improving the quality of our environment.